Bladder cancer is any of several types of malignancy arising from the epithelial lining (i.e. "the urothelium") of the urinary bladder. The bladder is rarely involved by non-epithelial cancers (such as lymphoma or sarcoma) but these are not properly included in the colloquial term "bladder cancer." It is a disease in which abnormal cells multiply without control in the bladder. The bladder is a hollow, muscular organ that stores urine; it is located in the pelvis. The most common type of bladder cancer recapitulates the normal histology of the urothelium and is known as transitional cell carcinoma.Bladder cancer characteristically causes blood in the urine; this may be visible to the naked eye (gross hematuria) or detectable only by microscope (microscopic hematuria). Other possible symptoms include pain during urination, frequent urination (polyuria) or feeling the need to urinate without results. These signs and symptoms are not specific to bladder cancer, and are also caused by non-cancerous conditions, including prostate infections and cystitis. Kidney cancer also can cause hematuria.
Nursing Care Plan for Bladder Cancer -Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions for Bladder Cancer
1. Nursing Diagnosis for Bladder Cancer: Risk for infection related to inadequate defenses, secondary and immune system (the effect of chemotherapy / radiation), malnutrition, invasive procedures.
Goals:
- Patients are able to identify and participate in infection prevention measures.
- Showed no signs of infection and wound healing normally takes place.
- Wash hands before taking action. Visitors are also encouraged to do the same.
- Maintain a good personal hygine
- Monitor the temperature
- Examine all the systems to look for signs of infection
- Avoid / limit invasive procedures and maintain aseptic procedures
- Collaborative
- Give antibiotics when indicated.
2. Nursing Diagnosis for Bladder Cancer: Risk for Sexual Dysfunction related to deficit of knowledge / skills about alternative responses to health transition, decreased function / structure, the effects of treatment.
Goals:
- Patients may express its understanding of the effects of cancer and treatment on sexuality.
- Maintaining sexual activity within your limits
- Discuss with patients and families about sexuality and the reaction process and its relationship with disease
- Give advise on the effect of treatment on sexuality
- Give privacy to the patient and her partner. Knock before entering.
